In response, in January 2015, the California Department of Education released new guidance addressing parent service hour requirements in public schools, making clear that public schools, including charter public schools, may not require parent volunteer hours or payment of a fee in lieu of performing volunteer hours as a condition of enrollment or participation in school programs. In addition, Senate Bill 858, enacted June 20, 2014, made several changes to Independent Study programs. SB 858 altered how IS ratios are calculated, changing from a school-wide calculation to a required calculation by grade span. The new law provides that the ratio of average daily attendance independent study pupils to full-time equivalent certificated employees responsible for independent study programs shall be applied by grade span for each of the following grade spans, unless there is a locally bargained alternative.